State of Conservation

States Parties

Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Côte d'Ivoire Democratic Republic of the Congo Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan 376 Illegal activities 309 Mining 178 Land conversion 165 Civil unrest 138 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 137 Housing 132 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 109 Financial resources 105 War 104 Ground transport infrastructure 95 Human resources 95 Management activities 78 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 76 Water infrastructure 71 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 61 Solid waste 59 Oil and gas 59 Legal framework 54 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 46 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 45 Water (rain/water table) 44 Fire (widlfires) 44 Surface water pollution 38 Forestry /wood production 37 Governance 37 Drought 31 Interpretative and visitation facilities 30 Crop production 29 Deliberate destruction of heritage 29 Commercial hunting 22 Major linear utilities 21 Subsistence hunting 19 Water (extraction) 19 Invasive / alien freshwater species 19 Marine transport infrastructure 17 Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting 17 Other climate change impacts 17 Translocated species 17 Industrial areas 16 Air transport infrastructure 11 Air pollution 11 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 11 Commercial development 10 Ground water pollution 10 Relative humidity 9 Society's valuing of heritage 7 Flooding 7 Earthquake 6 Wind 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Renewable energy facilities 3 Input of excess energy 3 Terrorism 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Storms 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1