State of Conservation
Category of site
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
Site inscribed on the List of World Heritage in Danger
Cultural site
Natural site
Mixed site
States Parties
Benin Côte d'Ivoire Eritrea Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Madagascar Mali Mauritius Mozambique Niger Nigeria Senegal South Africa Togo Uganda United Republic of Tanzania ZimbabweThreats
Management systems/ management plan 225 Housing 128 Solid waste 66 Management activities 57 Human resources 55 Financial resources 54 Water (rain/water table) 53 Legal framework 49 Erosion and siltation/ deposition 35 Land conversion 34 Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation 30 Interpretative and visitation facilities 26 Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure 26 War 26 Deliberate destruction of heritage 23 Illegal activities 23 Ground transport infrastructure 20 Marine transport infrastructure 17 Industrial areas 16 Mining 14 Civil unrest 14 Surface water pollution 13 Commercial development 10 Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community 10 Flooding 10 Governance 10 Ground water pollution 9 Relative humidity 9 Wind 9 Storms 9 Fire (widlfires) 7 Earthquake 6 Air transport infrastructure 5 Other climate change impacts 5 Oil and gas 4 Changes to oceanic waters 4 Non-renewable energy facilities 3 Water infrastructure 3 Crop production 3 Forestry /wood production 3 Desertification 3 Invasive/alien terrestrial species 3 Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure 2 Fishing/collecting aquatic resources 2 Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals 2 Society's valuing of heritage 2 Subsistence hunting 1 Subsistence wild plant collection 1 Pests 1 Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system 1 Drought 1 Low impact research / monitoring activities 1
* :
The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).
** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.