State of Conservation

States Parties

Argentina Australia Bangladesh Belarus Belize Benin Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Brazil Bulgaria Burkina Faso Cameroon Canada Central African Republic China Colombia Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Dominica Ecuador Egypt Ethiopia Guinea Honduras Hungary India Indonesia Italy Japan Kenya Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Mauritania Mexico Montenegro Nepal New Zealand Niger Oman Panama Peru Philippines Poland Portugal Romania Russian Federation Saint Lucia Senegal Seychelles Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Thailand Tunisia Uganda United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland United Republic of Tanzania United States of America Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan(404) Illegal activities(396) Ground transport infrastructure(192) Mining(180) Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community(154) Land conversion(150) Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation(140) Financial resources(140) Water infrastructure(132) Civil unrest(128) Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals(120) Surface water pollution(77) Housing(75) Human resources(69) Fishing/collecting aquatic resources(67) War(64) Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure(63) Forestry /wood production(61) Oil and gas(58) Invasive/alien terrestrial species(52) Legal framework(48) Crop production(46) Water (extraction) (37) Major linear utilities(35) Fire (widlfires)(30) Invasive / alien freshwater species(28) Water (rain/water table)(27) Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure(24) Air pollution(24) Marine transport infrastructure(23) Subsistence hunting(23) Renewable energy facilities(19) Input of excess energy(19) Commercial hunting(19) Storms(18) Industrial areas(17) Localised utilities(16) Erosion and siltation/ deposition(13) Invasive / alien marine species(12) Governance(12) Management activities(11) Ground water pollution(10) Interpretative and visitation facilities(9) Air transport infrastructure(8) Quarrying(8) Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting(8) Drought(8) Temperature change(8) Pollution of marine waters(7) Translocated species(5) Commercial development(4) Solid waste(4) Flooding(4) Other climate change impacts(4) Avalanche/ landslide(4) Deliberate destruction of heritage(3) Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses(2) Volcanic eruption(2) Subsistence wild plant collection(1) Society's valuing of heritage(1) Earthquake(1) Tsunami/tidal wave(1) High impact research / monitoring activities(1)