State of Conservation

States Parties

Afghanistan Albania Algeria Argentina Australia Austria Bahrain Bangladesh Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Bulgaria Cambodia Cameroon Canada Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Congo Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire Croatia Czechia Democratic People's Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of the Congo Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt Eritrea Ethiopia France Gabon Georgia Germany Ghana Guinea Haiti Honduras Hungary India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Lebanon Lesotho Libya Lithuania Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia (Federated States of) Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Nepal Niger Nigeria North Macedonia Oman Pakistan Palestine Panama Peru Philippines Poland Romania Russian Federation Saint Lucia Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Solomon Islands South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic Thailand Togo Tunisia Turkey Uganda Ukraine United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland United Republic of Tanzania United States of America Uruguay Uzbekistan Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe

Threats

Management systems/ management plan(348) Housing(173) Illegal activities(125) Impacts of tourism / visitor / recreation(112) Ground transport infrastructure(106) Legal framework(96) Land conversion(93) Management activities(82) War(67) Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure(62) Mining(62) Human resources(58) Water infrastructure(56) Financial resources(49) Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community(48) Civil unrest(46) Livestock farming / grazing of domesticated animals(44) Governance(43) Interpretative and visitation facilities(42) Deliberate destruction of heritage(34) Water (rain/water table)(33) Invasive/alien terrestrial species(33) Erosion and siltation/ deposition(31) Commercial development(26) Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure(25) Oil and gas(25) Marine transport infrastructure(24) Surface water pollution(23) Forestry /wood production(22) Underground transport infrastructure(20) Fishing/collecting aquatic resources(20) Solid waste(19) Flooding(19) Major linear utilities(16) Commercial hunting(15) Fire (widlfires)(15) Crop production(14) Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system(14) Society's valuing of heritage(14) Other climate change impacts(14) Air transport infrastructure(12) Renewable energy facilities(12) Water (extraction) (12) Storms(11) Localised utilities(9) Earthquake(9) High impact research / monitoring activities(9) Quarrying(8) Air pollution(7) Non-renewable energy facilities(6) Wind(6) Drought(6) Invasive / alien freshwater species(6) Invasive / alien marine species(6) Subsistence hunting(5) Relative humidity(5) Ritual / spiritual / religious and associative uses(5) Changes to oceanic waters(5) Industrial areas(4) Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting(4) Desertification(4) Ground water pollution(3) Input of excess energy(3) Pollution of marine waters(3) Military training(3) Translocated species(3) Aquaculture(2) Pests(2) Avalanche/ landslide(2) Hyper-abundant species(2) Subsistence wild plant collection(1) Temperature change(1)