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Tentative Lists Bulwarked Frontier Fortifications

Bulwarked Frontier Fortifications

Date of Submission: 26/06/1998
Criteria: (ii)(iii)(iv)
Category: Cultural
Submitted by:
Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores
Coordinates: Autonomous Region Of Castilla Y León (Other Participating Regions Are Navarra, Catalunya, Aragon And Extremadura)
Ref.: 1021
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The Tentative Lists of States Parties are published by the World Heritage Centre at its website and/or in working documents in order to ensure transparency, access to information and to facilitate harmonization of Tentative Lists at regional and thematic levels.

The sole responsibility for the content of each Tentative List lies with the State Party concerned. The publication of the Tentative Lists does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever of the World Heritage Committee or of the World Heritage Centre or of the Secretariat of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its boundaries.

Property names are listed in the language in which they have been submitted by the State Party

Description

The fortifications which are the subject of this proposal are located in regions of Spain which border neighbouring countries, i.e. Portugal and France.

The bulwarked border fortifications were planned and built between the end of the 16th century or start of the 17th century and the end of the 18th century. They were constructed as a result of the military conflicts which in some cases, such as that of Portugal, led to the secession of the kingdom. They are characterised by the fact that they include elements which respond to the new defensive needs imposed by the use of artillery, thereby forming exceptional examples of the different conceptual types of defensive constructions: fortified civil cities in the case of Pamplona (Navarra); Jaca (Aragon); Ciudad Rodrigo in Salamanca (Castilla- León); “ForÇa Vella” and Figueras, in Girona (Catalonia); military fortresses in the case of Fuerte de la Concepción en Aldea del Obispo and the castle built on the Christian-Muslim border on the Tajo river, now contained within the Monfragüe Nature Reserve of Extremadura, and the re-use and updating of medieval defence systems which already existed within the territory, as in the case of San Felices de los Gallegos.

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