State of Conservation (SOC)

• Aapravasi Ghat (2012)
  Mauritius
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management activities,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Abu Mena (2012)
  Egypt
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Water, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves (2012)
  Niger
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Forestry /wood production, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Civil unrest, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: poverty
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Aksum (2012)
  Ethiopia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Water, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: f) Structural instability of Stele 3.
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Alto Douro Wine Region (2012)
  Portugal
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Ancient Ksour of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt and Oualata (2012)
  Mauritania
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Desertification, Governance, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Management activities,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Ancient Thebes with its Necropolis (2012)
  Egypt
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Land conversion, Water, Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Flooding, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Ancient Villages of Northern Syria (2012)
  Syrian Arab Republic
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Archaeological Areas of Pompei, Herculaneum and Torre Annunziata (2012)
  Italy
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Storms,
  Other Threats: collapse of walls
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7C
  

• Archaeological Site of Carthage (2012)
  Tunisia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Legal framework, Governance, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Archaeological Site of Cyrene (2012)
  Libya
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Surface water pollution, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Crop production, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Archaeological Site of Panamá Viejo and Historic District of Panamá (2012)
  Panama
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Society's valuing of heritage, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Human resources,
  Other Threats: a) Severe deterioration of historic buildings that threaten the Outstanding Universal Value of the property;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Ashur (Qal'at Sherqat) (2012)
  Iraq
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Flooding, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: b) Fragile mud brick structures;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Bagrati Cathedral and Gelati Monastery (2012)
  Georgia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Bahla Fort (2012)
  Oman
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Other Threats: a) Deterioration of the earthen structures of the Fort;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Bam and its Cultural Landscape (2012)
  Iran (Islamic Republic of)
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System (2012)
  Belize
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Land conversion, Oil and gas, Invasive / alien marine species,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Brasilia (2012)
  Brazil
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Cathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville (2012)
  Spain
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Centennial Hall in Wrocław (2012)
  Poland
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Management activities,
  Other Threats: impact on the Outstanding Universal Value of the property of the rebuilt Pavilion
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Central Highlands of Sri Lanka (2012)
  Sri Lanka
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Cerrado Protected Areas: Chapada dos Veadeiros and Emas National Parks (2012)
  Brazil
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Legal framework,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Chan Chan Archaeological Zone (2012)
  Peru
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Water, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: a) Continuous deterioration of earthen architecture structures and decorated surfaces from lack of conservation and maintenance practices
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• City of Potosí (2012)
  Bolivia (Plurinational State of)
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Surface water pollution, Mining, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: b) Instability and risk of collapse of the Cerro Ricoc) Deficiencies in conservation: special attention required for the restoration and upgrading of structures with residential use and the archaeological industrial heritage;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Cliff of Bandiagara (Land of the Dogons) (2012)
  Mali
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage, Civil unrest,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Coiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection (2012)
  Panama
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Marine transport infrastructure, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Financial resources, Human resources,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Comoé National Park (2012)
  Côte d'Ivoire
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Land conversion, Illegal activities, Civil unrest, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape (2012)
  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Commercial development, Solid waste, Mining,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Coro and its Port (2012)
  Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water, Flooding, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: a) Serious deterioration of materials and structureb) Deterioration of the architectural and urban coherence and integrity of the propertd) Absence of detailed and technical information on the state of conservation of the property since 2007;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Cultural and Historic Ensemble of the Solovetsky Islands (2012)
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Other Threats: b) Lack of monitoring
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley (2012)
  Afghanistan
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Illegal activities, Civil unrest,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: a) Risk of imminent collapse of the Giant Buddha nichesb) Irreversible deterioration of the mural paintingse) Anti-personnel mines and unexploded ordinances (i.e. munitions).
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Curonian Spit (2012)
  Lithuania
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Surface water pollution, Solid waste, Oil and gas, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Dja Faunal Reserve (2012)
  Cameroon
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Commercial hunting, Mining, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Dong Phayayen-Khao Yai Forest Complex (2012)
  Thailand
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: Forest fragmentationNeed for ecological corridors
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• East Rennell (2012)
  Solomon Islands
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Commercial hunting, Mining, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Everglades National Park (2012)
  United States of America
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Water infrastructure, Ground water pollution, Surface water pollution, Storms,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: Mercury contamination of fish and wildlife
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Ferrara, City of the Renaissance, and its Po Delta
  Mantua and Sabbioneta (2012)
  Italy
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Earthquake,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7C
  

• Fort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore (2012)
  Pakistan
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Land conversion, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Fortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama: Portobelo-San Lorenzo (2012)
  Panama
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Flooding, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: Deterioration and destruction of the fabric of the property by environmental factors, lack of a maintenance programme, polluted water;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Galápagos Islands (2012)
  Ecuador
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Garamba National Park (2012)
  Democratic Republic of the Congo
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Illegal activities, War, Civil unrest, Human resources, Management activities,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Giant's Causeway and Causeway Coast (2012)
  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7C
  

• Golden Mountains of Altai (2012)
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Major linear utilities, Oil and gas,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Great Barrier Reef (2012)
  Australia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Marine transport infrastructure, Non-renewable energy facilities, Pollution of marine waters, Oil and gas, Temperature,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Gulf of Porto: Calanche of Piana, Gulf of Girolata, Scandola Reserve (2012)
  France
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Non-renewable energy facilities, Oil and gas, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Henderson Island (2012)
  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Historic Areas of Istanbul (2012)
  Turkey
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Other Threats: Continued degradation of the vernacular architecture within the protected zones (particularly Ottoman-period timber houses in the Zeyrek and Süleymaniye core areas)
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Historic Bridgetown and its Garrison (2012)
  Barbados
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Historic Cairo (2012)
  Egypt
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Water, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: b) Dilapidated infrastructurc) Neglect and lack of maintenance
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Historic Centre of Brugge (2012)
  Belgium
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Erosion and siltation/ deposition,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Historic Centre of Prague (2012)
  Czech Republic
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments (2012)
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Historic Centre of Sighişoara (2012)
  Romania
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: b) Deterioration of monuments in general and fortifications in particular, weak protection and maintenance measures;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Historic Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento (2012)
  Uruguay
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu (2012)
  Peru
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Flooding, Avalanche/ landslide, Legal framework, Governance, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Historic Town of Zabid (2012)
  Yemen
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Land conversion, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Historical Centre of the City of Arequipa (2012)
  Peru
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Ground transport infrastructure, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Historical Centre of the City of Yaroslavl (2012)
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management activities,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Historical Monuments at Makli, Thatta (2012)
  Pakistan
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, Other climate change impacts,
  Other Threats: b) Stability of the foundations (earth mechanics) of the Jam Nizamuddin tomb;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Historical Monuments of Mtskheta (2012)
  Georgia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Land conversion, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Humberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works (2012)
  Chile
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Wind, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: a) Extremely fragile nature of the industrial buildings that were constructed using local materials such as timber for frames, corrugated iron sheets for roofs and some walls, in addition to stucco and lightweight constructionb) Lack of maintenance over the past 40 years c) Corrosion of metal cladding and dismantlement of some of the structural elements. A few buildings such as the Leaching House are liable to structural collapse if no support is givend) Very little conservation work carried out
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Iguaçu National Park (2012)
  Brazil
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Invasive / alien freshwater species, Governance, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Iguazu National Park (2012)
  Argentina
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Governance, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Island of Mozambique (2012)
  Mozambique
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Solid waste, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Management activities,
  Other Threats: b) Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Kahuzi-Biega National Park (2012)
  Democratic Republic of the Congo
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Land conversion, Mining, Illegal activities, War, Civil unrest,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: Villages in the ecologicalcorridor between the highland and lowland sectors of the park
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Kathmandu Valley  (2012)
  Nepal
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Keoladeo National Park (2012)
  India
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Water, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Invasive / alien freshwater species,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Kiev: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kiev-Pechersk Lavra (2012)
  Ukraine
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Kizhi Pogost (2012)
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Marine transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Lake Baikal (2012)
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Surface water pollution, Land conversion, Illegal activities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Lake Turkana National Parks (2012)
  Kenya
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Oil and gas, Illegal activities,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Lamu Old Town (2012)
  Kenya
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Water infrastructure, Industrial areas, Marine transport infrastructure, Solid waste, Oil and gas, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Liverpool – Maritime Mercantile City (2012)
  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Commercial development, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Los Katíos National Park (2012)
  Colombia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Major linear utilities, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Civil unrest, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Lumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha (2012)
  Nepal
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Other Threats: Impact of the new structure of the Maya Devi Temple (constructed in 2002) on the archaeological remains, as well as on the visual integrity.
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley (2012)
  Andorra
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (2012)
  India
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ritual/spiritual/religious and associative uses, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: b) Loss of character of the cultural landscape directly associated with the property and its outstanding universal value;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (2012)
  India
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Crop production, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Civil unrest, Financial resources, Human resources,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Manovo-Gounda St Floris National Park (2012)
  Central African Republic
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Mining, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Civil unrest,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape (2012)
  South Africa
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Industrial areas, Mining, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Maya Site of Copan (2012)
  Honduras
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Air transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, High impact research/monitoring activities,
  Other Threats: b) Deterioration of construction materials due to natural decay phenomena;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Medieval Monuments in Kosovo (2012)
  Serbia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Civil unrest, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: e) Unsatisfactory state of conservation and maintenance of the property.
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Meidan Emam, Esfahan (2012)
  Iran (Islamic Republic of)
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Commercial development, Underground transport infrastructure,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam (2012)
  Afghanistan
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Illegal activities, Civil unrest, Management systems/ management plan, High impact research/monitoring activities,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: b) Inclination of the Minaret;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Mont-Saint-Michel and its Bay (2012)
  France
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Interpretative and visitation facilities, Renewable energy facilities, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Storms, Earthquake,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Mosi-oa-Tunya / Victoria Falls (2012)
  Zambia
  Zimbabwe
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Surface water pollution, Air pollution, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Drought, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Mount Athos (2012)
  Greece
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Forestry /wood production, Earthquake, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: Fire
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (2012)
  Côte d'Ivoire
  Guinea
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Land conversion, Mining, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• National History Park – Citadel, Sans Souci, Ramiers (2012)
  Haiti
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Water, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Earthquake, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor (2012)
  Montenegro
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Ground transport infrastructure, Earthquake, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Natural System of Wrangel Island Reserve (2012)
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Ngorongoro Conservation Area (2012)
  Tanzania, United Republic of
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Land conversion, Crop production, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Niokolo-Koba National Park (2012)
  Senegal
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Mining, Illegal activities, Drought, Translocated species, Invasive/alien terrestrial species,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Okapi Wildlife Reserve (2012)
  Democratic Republic of the Congo
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Mining, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls (2012)
  Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Governance, Management systems/ management plan, High impact research/monitoring activities, Management activities,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: a) Natural risk factors b) Deterioration of monuments;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Old City of Salamanca (2012)
  Spain
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Old City of Sana'a (2012)
  Yemen
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Land conversion, Management activities,
  Other Threats: d) Functional decay of the residential neighborhoods.
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Old Town of Galle and its Fortifications (2012)
  Sri Lanka
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Marine transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Old Towns of Djenné (2012)
  Mali
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Civil unrest,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Old Towns of Djenné (2012)
  Mali
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Solid waste, Land conversion, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: c) Deterioration of dwellings;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Ouadi Qadisha (the Holy Valley) and the Forest of the Cedars of God (Horsh Arz el-Rab) (2012)
  Lebanon
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Phoenix Islands Protected Area (2012)
  Kiribati
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Financial resources,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Pirin National Park (2012)
  Bulgaria
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Pitons Management Area (2012)
  Saint Lucia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Port, Fortresses and Group of Monuments, Cartagena (2012)
  Colombia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Portovenere, Cinque Terre, and the Islands (Palmaria, Tino and Tinetto) (2012)
  Italy
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Flooding,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Pre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan (2012)
  Mexico
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Provins, Town of Medieval Fairs (2012)
  France
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Legal framework,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Pyrénées - Mont Perdu (2012)
  Spain
  France
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Rainforests of the Atsinanana (2012)
  Madagascar
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Land conversion, Subsistence hunting, Mining, Illegal activities, Fire,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (2012)
  Philippines
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Society's valuing of heritage, Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Illegal activities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Management activities,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Río Plátano Biosphere Reserve (2012)
  Honduras
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Rock-Art Sites of Tadrart Acacus (2012)
  Libya
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage,
  Document Source: WHC-10/34.COM/7B.Add
  

• Rock-Art Sites of Tadrart Acacus (2012)
  Libya
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Deliberate destruction of heritage,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Rock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela (2012)
  Ethiopia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Land conversion, Relative humidity, Water, Earthquake, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Royal Palaces of Abomey (2012)
  Benin
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Interpretative and visitation facilities, Water, Legal framework,
  Other Threats: Fire
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara (2012)
  Tanzania, United Republic of
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Illegal activities, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Governance, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric;
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Rwenzori Mountains National Park (2012)
  Uganda
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Mining, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Other climate change impacts,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Sagarmatha National Park (2012)
  Nepal
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Air pollution, Mining, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Other climate change impacts,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Salonga National Park (2012)
  Democratic Republic of the Congo
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting, Illegal activities, War, Civil unrest, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Saloum Delta (2012)
  Senegal
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Samarkand – Crossroad of Cultures (2012)
  Uzbekistan
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: d) Conservation of urban fabric.
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Samarra Archaeological City (2012)
  Iraq
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: War, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Selous Game Reserve (2012)
  Tanzania, United Republic of
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Mining, Oil and gas, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources,
  Other Threats: b) Reduction of elephant population
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Serengeti National Park (2012)
  Tanzania, United Republic of
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Major linear utilities, Water, Illegal activities, Drought,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Shiretoko (2012)
  Japan
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Simien National Park (2012)
  Ethiopia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals,
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A
  

• Stone Town of Zanzibar (2012)
  Tanzania, United Republic of
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources,
  Other Threats: b) Environmental pressures in relation with the Malindi port projectc) Natural disasters and lack of risk-preparedness
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Taï National Park (2012)
  Côte d'Ivoire
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Mining, Illegal activities,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Talamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park (2012)
  Costa Rica
  Panama
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Tasmanian Wilderness (2012)
  Australia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Forestry /wood production, Mining,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas (2012)
  China
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Water infrastructure, Mining, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: signage
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Timbuktu (2012)
  Mali
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Solid waste, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Civil unrest, Flooding, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
  Other Threats: Inappropriate design and scale of new Ahmed Baba Cultural Centre in the vicinity of the Sankoré Mosque; lack of detailed drawings supplied to the Committee
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Tomb of Askia (2012)
  Mali
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Illegal activities, Civil unrest,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Tombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi (2012)
  Uganda
  Year: 2012
  Threats*:
  Danger List: Yes
  Other Threats: Fire
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Tower of London (2012)
  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Town of Luang Prabang (2012)
  Lao People's Democratic Republic
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Ground transport infrastructure, Air transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra (2012)
  Indonesia
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Land conversion, Illegal activities, Governance, Management systems/ management plan,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Tyre (2012)
  Lebanon
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,
  Other Threats: Insufficient maintenance
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Vat Phou and Associated Ancient Settlements within the Champasak Cultural Landscape (2012)
  Lao People's Democratic Republic
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Human resources,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Villa Adriana (Tivoli) (2012)
  Italy
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Solid waste,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Virgin Komi Forests (2012)
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Mining, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Virunga National Park (2012)
  Democratic Republic of the Congo
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Oil and gas, Illegal activities, War, Civil unrest,
  Danger List: Yes
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7A.Add
  

• Volcanoes of Kamchatka (2012)
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Renewable energy facilities, Major linear utilities, Mining, Illegal activities, Fire, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Walled City of Baku with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower (2012)
  Azerbaijan
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Western Caucasus (2012)
  Russian Federation
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

• Westminster Palace, Westminster Abbey and Saint Margaret's Church (2012)
  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Housing, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B.Add
  

• Yellowstone National Park (2012)
  United States of America
  Year: 2012
  Threats*: Ground transport infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Surface water pollution, Air pollution, Input of excess energy, Mining, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Invasive / alien freshwater species, Management systems/ management plan,
  Document Source: WHC-12/36.COM/7B
  

* : The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).

** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.