State of Conservation (SOC)

Statistics

Threats*

Threats*	Year
	2011	2012	2013
Buildings and Development
	2011	2012	2013
Commercial development	3	3	7
Housing	64	52	60
Industrial areas	3	2	3
Interpretative and visitation facilities	7	6	7
Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure	23	13	17
Transportation Infrastructure
	2011	2012	2013
Air transport infrastructure	2	2	2
Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure	14	4	9
Ground transport infrastructure	27	24	30
Marine transport infrastructure	7	8	7
Underground transport infrastructure	4	1	4
Services Infrastructures
	2011	2012	2013
Localised utilities	2	0	3
Major linear utilities	3	4	4
Non-renewable energy facilities	0	2	3
Renewable energy facilities	1	2	3
Water infrastructure	11	15	13
Pollution
	2011	2012	2013
Ground water pollution	1	1	2
Pollution of marine waters	4	1	2
Solid waste	5	7	6
Surface water pollution	6	7	6
Air pollution	0	3	0
Input of excess energy	1	1	1
Biological resource use/modification
	2011	2012	2013
Commercial wild plant collection	0	0	0
Forestry /wood production	0	4	3
Land conversion	23	22	23
Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals	13	16	17
Subsistence hunting	1	1	2
Subsistence wild plant collection	0	0	0
Aquaculture	0	0	0
Commercial hunting	1	2	2
Crop production	6	3	2
Fishing/collecting aquatic resources	3	3	6
Physical resource extraction
	2011	2012	2013
Mining	17	20	18
Oil and gas	9	9	11
Quarrying	1	0	0
Water (extraction)	2	2	2
Local conditions affecting physical fabric
	2011	2012	2013
Dust	0	0	0
Micro-organisms	1	0	1
Pests	0	0	0
Radiation/light	0	0	0
Relative humidity	3	1	1
Temperature	0	0	0
Water (rain/water table)	9	9	11
Wind	2	1	2
Social/cultural uses of heritage
	2011	2012	2013
Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community	19	12	14
Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation	21	28	23
Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system	3	2	2
Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting	1	1	1
Ritual/spiritual/religious and associative uses	0	1	0
Society's valuing of heritage	3	2	0
Other human activities
	2011	2012	2013
Illegal activities	42	41	38
Civil unrest	13	13	13
Deliberate destruction of heritage	13	12	12
Military training	0	0	0
Terrorism	0	0	0
War	5	9	15
Climate change and severe weather events
	2011	2012	2013
Other climate change impacts	1	3	1
Changes to oceanic waters	2	0	1
Desertification	0	1	1
Drought	2	3	1
Flooding	4	7	6
Storms	5	3	4
Temperature change	1	1	1
Sudden ecological or geological events
	2011	2012	2013
Avalanche/ landslide	1	2	2
Earthquake	5	7	3
Erosion and siltation/ deposition	10	8	9
Fire (widlfires)	4	2	6
Tsunami/tidal wave	0	0	0
Volcanic eruption	1	0	1
Invasive/alien species or hyper-abundant species
	2011	2012	2013
Invasive / alien marine species	1	1	2
Hyper-abundant species	1	0	0
Invasive / alien freshwater species	3	3	1
Invasive/alien terrestrial species	3	8	6
Modified genetic material	0	0	0
Translocated species	2	1	1
Management and institutional factors
	2011	2012	2013
Financial resources	18	16	8
Governance	6	8	7
High impact research/monitoring activities	3	3	4
Human resources	16	13	13
Legal framework	19	23	26
Low impact research/monitoring activities	0	0	0
Management activities	24	23	22
Management systems/ management plan	108	96	112

* : The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).

** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.