State of Conservation (SOC)

Site	State Party	Year	Threats*	Danger List
aflaj irrigation systems of omanAflaj Irrigation Systems of Oman	oman Oman	2009	Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,	No
abu menaAbu Mena	egypt Egypt	2009	Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Water, Management systems/ management plan,	Yes
air and tenere natural reservesAir and Ténéré Natural Reserves	niger Niger	2009	Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Forestry /wood production, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Civil unrest, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: b) Poverty;	Yes
alejandro de humboldt national parkAlejandro de Humboldt National Park	cuba Cuba	2009	Mining,	No
ancient ksour of ouadane, chinguetti, tichitt and oualataAncient Ksour of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt and Oualata	mauritania Mauritania	2009	Society's valuing of heritage, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Management activities, Other climate change impacts,	No
ancient city of damascusAncient City of Damascus	syrian arab republic Syrian Arab Republic	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities, Other Threats: a) Poor state of conservation	No
ancient thebes with its necropolisAncient Thebes with its Necropolis	egypt Egypt	2009	Housing, Ground transport infrastructure, Land conversion, Water, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Flooding, Management systems/ management plan,	No
archaeological site of cyreneArchaeological Site of Cyrene	libya Libya	2009	Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Solid waste, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities, Other Threats: Inadequate on-site security and control systems	No
archaeological site of panamá viejo and historic district of panamáArchaeological Site of Panamá Viejo and Historic District of Panamá	panama Panama	2009	Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Legal framework, Governance, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Other Threats: Severe deterioration of historic buildings that threatens the Outstanding universal value of the property	No
architectural, residential and cultural complex of the radziwill family at nesvizhArchitectural, Residential and Cultural Complex of the Radziwill Family at Nesvizh	belarus Belarus	2009	Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management activities,	No
ashur (qal'at sherqat)Ashur (Qal'at Sherqat)	iraq Iraq	2009	Water infrastructure, Flooding, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: Fragile mud brick structures	Yes
auschwitz birkenau german nazi concentration and extermination camp (1940-1945)Auschwitz Birkenau German Nazi Concentration and Extermination Camp (1940-1945)	poland Poland	2009	Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: b) Slow process of consultation with local communities.	No
bagrati cathedral and gelati monasteryBagrati Cathedral and Gelati Monastery	georgia Georgia	2009	Management systems/ management plan, Management activities, Other Threats: a) General need for interior and exterior conservation work on the monuments;	No
bahla fortBahla Fort	oman Oman	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities, Other Threats: a) Deterioration of the earthen structures of the Fort;	No
bam and its cultural landscapeBam and its Cultural Landscape	iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of)	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan,	Yes
banc d'arguin national parkBanc d'Arguin National Park	mauritania Mauritania	2009	Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Oil and gas, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources,	No
belize barrier reef reserve systemBelize Barrier Reef Reserve System	belize Belize	2009	Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Land conversion, Forestry /wood production,	No
belovezhskaya pushcha / białowieża forestBelovezhskaya Pushcha / Białowieża Forest	poland,belarus Poland Belarus	2009	Forestry /wood production, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: d) Alterations of the hydrological regimee) Border fence impeding mammal movements;	No
bordeaux, port of the moonBordeaux, Port of the Moon	france France	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Deliberate destruction of heritage,	No
borobudur temple compoundsBorobudur Temple Compounds	indonesia Indonesia	2009	Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,	No
brasiliaBrasilia	brazil Brazil	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan,	No
budapest, including the banks of the danube, the buda castle quarter and andrássy avenueBudapest, including the Banks of the Danube, the Buda Castle Quarter and Andrássy Avenue	hungary Hungary	2009	Housing, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Other Threats: c) Lack of conservation of residential housing in the area inscribed as World Heritage;	No
butrintButrint	albania Albania	2009	Housing, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: c) Slow progress on the implementation of the recommendations of the joint missions	No
cape floral region protected areasCape Floral Region Protected Areas	south africa South Africa	2009	Fire, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Financial resources,	No
cathedral, alcázar and archivo de indias in sevilleCathedral, Alcázar and Archivo de Indias in Seville	spain Spain	2009	Housing,	No
champaner-pavagadh archaeological parkChampaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park	india India	2009	Management systems/ management plan,	No
chan chan archaeological zoneChan Chan Archaeological Zone	peru Peru	2009	Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Crop production, Water, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities, Other Threats: a) Continuous deterioration of earthen architecture structures and decorated surfaces from lack of conservation and maintenance practices;	Yes
chavin (archaeological site)Chavin (Archaeological Site)	peru Peru	2009	Wind, Relative humidity, Temperature, Micro-organisms, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan,	No
city of bathCity of Bath	united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	2009	Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities,	No
city of graz – historic centre and schloss eggenbergCity of Graz – Historic Centre and Schloss Eggenberg	austria Austria	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan,	No
city of quitoCity of Quito	ecuador Ecuador	2009	Management activities,	No
city of vallettaCity of Valletta	malta Malta	2009	Housing, Commercial development, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan,	No
city of vicenza and the palladian villas of the venetoCity of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto	italy Italy	2009	Housing, Ground transport infrastructure,	No
coiba national park and its special zone of marine protectionCoiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection	panama Panama	2009	Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Legal framework,	No
colonial city of santo domingoColonial City of Santo Domingo	dominican republic Dominican Republic	2009	Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Air pollution, Land conversion, Society's valuing of heritage, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Storms, Earthquake, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Human resources, Management activities,	No
comoe national parkComoé National Park	cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire	2009	Land conversion, Crop production, Illegal activities, War, Civil unrest, Fire, Management systems/ management plan,	Yes
complex of hue monumentsComplex of Hué Monuments	viet nam Viet Nam	2009	Housing, Ground transport infrastructure,	No
coro and its portCoro and its Port	venezuela (bolivarian republic of) Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	2009	Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: a) Serious deterioration of materials and structuresb) Deterioration of the architectural and urban coherence and integrity of the property	Yes
cultural landscape and archaeological remains of the bamiyan valleyCultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley	afghanistan Afghanistan	2009	Illegal activities, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Civil unrest, Other Threats: a) Risk of imminent collapse of the Giant Buddha nichesb) Irreversible deterioration of the mural paintingse) Anti-personnel mines and unexploded ordinances (i.e. munitions)	Yes
cultural landscape of sintraCultural Landscape of Sintra	portugal Portugal	2009	Housing, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: b) Lack of conservation of parks and palaces;	No
danube deltaDanube Delta	romania Romania	2009	Localised utilities, Surface water pollution, Other Threats: b) Deepwater navigation waterway through the Bystroe mouth of the Danube River;	No
dja faunal reserveDja Faunal Reserve	cameroon Cameroon	2009	Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Commercial hunting, Mining, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,	No
djoudj national bird sanctuaryDjoudj National Bird Sanctuary	senegal Senegal	2009	Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Subsistence hunting, Water, Invasive / alien freshwater species, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Other Threats: Salinisation of soils	No
dresden elbe valleyDresden Elbe Valley	germany Germany	2009	Ground transport infrastructure,	Yes
east rennellEast Rennell	solomon islands Solomon Islands	2009	Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Commercial hunting, Forestry /wood production, Mining,	No
ferto / neusiedlersee cultural landscapeFertö / Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape	austria,hungary Austria Hungary	2009	Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,	No
fort and shalamar gardens in lahoreFort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore	pakistan Pakistan	2009	Housing, Land conversion, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan,	Yes
fortifications on the caribbean side of panama: portobelo-san lorenzoFortifications on the Caribbean Side of Panama: Portobelo-San Lorenzo	panama Panama	2009	Housing, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: Deterioration and destruction of the fabric of the property by environmental factors, lack of maintenance, as well as polluted water	No
galápagos islandsGalápagos Islands	ecuador Ecuador	2009	Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Governance, Management systems/ management plan, Human resources, Management activities, Other Threats: h) Educational reform not implemented	Yes
garamba national parkGaramba National Park	democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo	2009	Illegal activities, War, Civil unrest, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities,	Yes
golden mountains of altaiGolden Mountains of Altai	russian federation Russian Federation	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Major linear utilities, Oil and gas, Illegal activities,	No
gough and inaccessible islandsGough and Inaccessible Islands	united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	2009	Invasive/alien terrestrial species,	No
group of monuments at hampiGroup of Monuments at Hampi	india India	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,	No
gunung mulu national parkGunung Mulu National Park	malaysia Malaysia	2009	Water infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community,	No
ha long bayHa Long Bay	viet nam Viet Nam	2009	Housing, Industrial areas, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources,	No
historic areas of istanbulHistoric Areas of Istanbul	turkey Turkey	2009	Housing, Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities, Other Threats: Continued degradation of the vernacular architecture within the protected zones (particularly Ottoman-period timber houses in the Zeyrek and Süleymaniye core areaslack of impact studies before large-scale developments are implemented	No
historic cairoHistoric Cairo	egypt Egypt	2009	Housing, Water, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: b) Dilapidated infrastructure c) Neglect and lack of maintenance	No
historic centre (old town) of tallinnHistoric Centre (Old Town) of Tallinn	estonia Estonia	2009	Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: Impact of the transportation of hazardous materials to the Old Town	No
historic centre of bruggeHistoric Centre of Brugge	belgium Belgium	2009	Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management activities,	No
historic centre of český krumlovHistoric Centre of Český Krumlov	czech republic Czech Republic	2009	Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation,	No
historic centre of limaHistoric Centre of Lima	peru Peru	2009	Management systems/ management plan,	No
historic centre of macaoHistoric Centre of Macao	china China	2009	Housing,	No
historic centre of mexico city and xochimilcoHistoric Centre of Mexico City and Xochimilco	mexico Mexico	2009	Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan,	No
historic centre of naplesHistoric Centre of Naples	italy Italy	2009	Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: lack of continuous maintenance of the urban fabric	No
historic centre of pragueHistoric Centre of Prague	czech republic Czech Republic	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan,	No
historic centre of rigaHistoric Centre of Riga	latvia Latvia	2009	Housing, Legal framework,	No
historic centre of saint petersburg and related groups of monumentsHistoric Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments	russian federation Russian Federation	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan,	No
historic centre of the city of salzburgHistoric Centre of the City of Salzburg	austria Austria	2009	Housing, Ground transport infrastructure,	No
historic centre of viennaHistoric Centre of Vienna	austria Austria	2009	Housing, Ground transport infrastructure,	No
historic centres of berat and gjirokastraHistoric Centres of Berat and Gjirokastra	albania Albania	2009	Housing, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: a) Fire; b) Lack of specific monitoring indicator; c) Lack of adequate firefighting arrangements in the historic urban zone; d) Lack of a programme of archaeological excavation	No
historic ensemble of the potala palace, lhasaHistoric Ensemble of the Potala Palace, Lhasa	china China	2009	Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management activities,	No
historic monuments of ancient naraHistoric Monuments of Ancient Nara	japan Japan	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation,	No
historic quarter of the city of colonia del sacramentoHistoric Quarter of the City of Colonia del Sacramento	uruguay Uruguay	2009	Commercial development, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan,	No
historic sanctuary of machu picchuHistoric Sanctuary of Machu Picchu	peru Peru	2009	Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Avalanche/ landslide, Governance, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources,	No
historic town of zabidHistoric Town of Zabid	yemen Yemen	2009	Housing, Land conversion, Illegal activities, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: a) Serious degradation of the city’s heritage (many houses and the ancient souq are in an alarming deterioration state);	Yes
historical centre of the city of arequipaHistorical Centre of the City of Arequipa	peru Peru	2009	Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Flooding, Earthquake, Other Threats: Material decay and abandonment of buildings, as well as the effect of heavy traffic on historic buildings	No
historical centre of the city of yaroslavlHistorical Centre of the City of Yaroslavl	russian federation Russian Federation	2009	Housing, Management activities, Other Threats: Changes in the built fabric	No
historical monuments at makli, thattaHistorical Monuments at Makli, Thatta	pakistan Pakistan	2009	Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: a) Significant decay of the property caused by local climatic conditions and alluvial erosionb) Stability of the foundations (earth mechanics) of the Jam Nizamuddin tombd) Lack of monitoring	No
historical monuments of mtskhetaHistorical Monuments of Mtskheta	georgia Georgia	2009	Land conversion, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities, Other Threats: f) Loss of authenticity	No
humberstone and santa laura saltpeter worksHumberstone and Santa Laura Saltpeter Works	chile Chile	2009	Wind, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: a) Extremely fragile nature of the industrial buildings that were constructed using local materials such as timber for frames, corrugated iron sheets for roofs and some walls, in addition to stucco and lightweight constructionb) Lack of maintenance over the past 40 years c) Corrosion of metal cladding and dismantlement of some of the structural elements. A few buildings, such as the Leaching house, are liable to structural collapse if no support is givend) Very little conservation work carried out	Yes
ibiza, biodiversity and cultureIbiza, Biodiversity and Culture	spain Spain	2009	Marine transport infrastructure,	No
ilulissat icefjordIlulissat Icefjord	denmark Denmark	2009	Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Subsistence hunting, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Temperature change,	No
imperial palaces of the ming and qing dynasties in beijing and shenyangsummer palace, an imperial garden in beijingtemple of heaven: an imperial sacrificial altar in beijingImperial Palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Beijing and Shenyang Summer Palace, an Imperial Garden in Beijing Temple of Heaven: an Imperial Sacrificial Altar in Beijing	china China	2009	Housing, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Other Threats: c) Lack of documentary evidence and clearly formulated principles to guide the conservation works.	No
island of goreeIsland of Gorée	senegal Senegal	2009	Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Human resources, Other Threats: Risk of collapse of historic buildings;	No
island of mozambiqueIsland of Mozambique	mozambique Mozambique	2009	Housing, Solid waste, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Management activities, Other Threats: Growing number of collapsed or seriously dilapidated buildings;	No
island of saint-louisIsland of Saint-Louis	senegal Senegal	2009	Housing, Water, Management systems/ management plan, Human resources, Management activities, Other Threats: Extremely poor state of conservation of numerous derelict buildings endangering occupants;	No
jelling mounds, runic stones and churchJelling Mounds, Runic Stones and Church	denmark Denmark	2009	Wind, Temperature, Water, Other Threats: surface deterioration of two runic stones, part of the overall property	No
kahuzi-biega national parkKahuzi-Biega National Park	democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo	2009	Land conversion, Mining, Illegal activities, War, Civil unrest,	Yes
kasbah of algiersKasbah of Algiers	algeria Algeria	2009	Underground transport infrastructure, Land conversion, Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: b) Lack of maintenance of dwelling places;	No
kaziranga national parkKaziranga National Park	india India	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Financial resources, Human resources,	No
keoladeo national parkKeoladeo National Park	india India	2009	Water infrastructure, Water, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Invasive / alien freshwater species, Management systems/ management plan,	No
kiev: saint-sophia cathedral and related monastic buildings, kiev-pechersk lavraKiev: Saint-Sophia Cathedral and Related Monastic Buildings, Kiev-Pechersk Lavra	ukraine Ukraine	2009	Housing,	No
kizhi pogostKizhi Pogost	russian federation Russian Federation	2009	Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: Structural integrity of the Church of the Transfiguration	No
kremlin and red square, moscowKremlin and Red Square, Moscow	russian federation Russian Federation	2009	Housing, Other Threats: Erection of a monument in honour of Marshal G. Zhukov	No
ksar of ait-ben-haddouKsar of Ait-Ben-Haddou	morocco Morocco	2009	Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: a) Partial abandonment of the property;	No
l'viv – the ensemble of the historic centreL'viv – the Ensemble of the Historic Centre	ukraine Ukraine	2009	Housing, Solid waste, Management systems/ management plan,	No
lake baikalLake Baikal	russian federation Russian Federation	2009	Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Major linear utilities, Ground water pollution, Land conversion, Oil and gas, Illegal activities, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,	No
lamu old townLamu Old Town	kenya Kenya	2009	Housing, Industrial areas, Marine transport infrastructure, Solid waste, Oil and gas, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Other Threats: Fire	No
laurisilva of madeiraLaurisilva of Madeira	portugal Portugal	2009	Housing, Air transport infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation,	No
lines and geoglyphs of nasca and pampas de jumanaLines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Pampas de Jumana	peru Peru	2009	Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Mining, Illegal activities, Other Threats: Lack of systematic monitoring of the site	No
liverpool – maritime mercantile cityLiverpool – Maritime Mercantile City	united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	2009	Housing, Commercial development, Management systems/ management plan,	No
los katios national parkLos Katíos National Park	colombia Colombia	2009	Water infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Major linear utilities, Ground water pollution, Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting, Illegal activities, Civil unrest, Management systems/ management plan,	No
lumbini, the birthplace of the lord buddhaLumbini, the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha	nepal Nepal	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: b) Impact on the archaeological remains, as well as on the visual integrity of the property by the Maya Devi Temple constructed in 2002	No
manas wildlife sanctuaryManas Wildlife Sanctuary	india India	2009	Crop production, Illegal activities, Civil unrest, Other Threats: b) Forced evacuation of Park staff	Yes
manovo-gounda st floris national parkManovo-Gounda St Floris National Park	central african republic Central African Republic	2009	Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Mining, Illegal activities, Civil unrest, Financial resources, Human resources,	Yes
maya site of copanMaya Site of Copan	honduras Honduras	2009	Air transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan, High impact research/monitoring activities, Other Threats: Deterioration of construction materials due to natural decay phenomena	No
medieval monuments in kosovoMedieval Monuments in Kosovo	serbia Serbia	2009	Civil unrest, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: e) Unsatisfactory state of conservation and maintenance of the property	Yes
meidan emam, esfahanMeidan Emam, Esfahan	iran (islamic republic of) Iran (Islamic Republic of)	2009	Housing, Commercial development, Underground transport infrastructure,	No
melaka and george town, historic cities of the straits of malaccaMelaka and George Town, Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca	malaysia Malaysia	2009	Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan,	No
minaret and archaeological remains of jamMinaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam	afghanistan Afghanistan	2009	Illegal activities, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Civil unrest, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: b) Inclination of the Minaret;	Yes
mount kenya national park/natural forestMount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest	kenya Kenya	2009	Land conversion, Illegal activities, Other Threats: Community-wildlife conflict	No
mount nimba strict nature reserveMount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve	cote d'ivoire,guinea Côte d'Ivoire Guinea	2009	Land conversion, Forestry /wood production, Mining, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources,	Yes
natural and culturo-historical region of kotorNatural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor	montenegro Montenegro	2009	Housing, Ground transport infrastructure, Earthquake, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,	No
natural system of wrangel island reserveNatural System of Wrangel Island Reserve	russian federation Russian Federation	2009	Management systems/ management plan,	No
ngorongoro conservation areaNgorongoro Conservation Area	tanzania, united republic of Tanzania, United Republic of	2009	Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Land conversion, Crop production, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Invasive / alien freshwater species,	No
niokolo-koba national parkNiokolo-Koba National Park	senegal Senegal	2009	Water infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Mining, Illegal activities, Translocated species,	Yes
okapi wildlife reserveOkapi Wildlife Reserve	democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Mining, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Illegal activities,	Yes
old and new towns of edinburghOld and New Towns of Edinburgh	united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	2009	Housing, Other Threats: Fire	No
old bridge area of the old city of mostarOld Bridge Area of the Old City of Mostar	bosnia and herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina	2009	Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Other Threats: b) Cracks appearing on the surface of the bridge	No
old city of jerusalem and its wallsOld City of Jerusalem and its Walls	jerusalem (site proposed by jordan)Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)	2009	Housing, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Governance, Management systems/ management plan, High impact research/monitoring activities, Other Threats: a) Natural risk factorse) Deterioration of monuments	Yes
old city of salamancaOld City of Salamanca	spain Spain	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan,	No
old town of galle and its fortificationsOld Town of Galle and its Fortifications	sri lanka Sri Lanka	2009	Housing, Marine transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,	No
old town of lijiangOld Town of Lijiang	china China	2009	Commercial development, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: a) Progressive loss of integrity and authenticity	No
old town of regensburg with stadtamhofOld town of Regensburg with Stadtamhof	germany Germany	2009	Housing, Management activities,	No
palace and gardens of schonbrunnPalace and Gardens of Schönbrunn	austria Austria	2009	Housing,	No
parthian fortresses of nisaParthian Fortresses of Nisa	turkmenistan Turkmenistan	2009	Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan,	No
pirin national parkPirin National Park	bulgaria Bulgaria	2009	Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,	No
pitons management areaPitons Management Area	saint lucia Saint Lucia	2009	Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure,	No
prambanan temple compoundsPrambanan Temple Compounds	indonesia Indonesia	2009	Earthquake,	No
pre-hispanic city of teotihuacanPre-Hispanic City of Teotihuacan	mexico Mexico	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan,	No
prehistoric sites and decorated caves of the vezere valleyPrehistoric Sites and Decorated Caves of the Vézère Valley	france France	2009	Micro-organisms,	No
pyrenees - mont perduPyrénées - Mont Perdu	spain,france Spain France	2009	Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan,	No
qal’at al-bahrain – ancient harbour and capital of dilmunQal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour and Capital of Dilmun	bahrain Bahrain	2009	Housing, Ground transport infrastructure, Marine transport infrastructure, Land conversion,	No
rainforests of the atsinananaRainforests of the Atsinanana	madagascar Madagascar	2009	Land conversion, Commercial hunting, Mining, Illegal activities, Fire,	No
rice terraces of the philippine cordillerasRice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras	philippines Philippines	2009	Housing, Water infrastructure, Society's valuing of heritage, Changes in traditional ways of life and knowledge system, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Management activities,	Yes
richtersveld cultural and botanical landscapeRichtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape	south africa South Africa	2009	Mining,	No
rio plátano biosphere reserveRío Plátano Biosphere Reserve	honduras Honduras	2009	Water infrastructure, Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Illegal activities, Invasive/alien terrestrial species, Management systems/ management plan,	No
robben islandRobben Island	south africa South Africa	2009	Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Human resources, Other Threats: d) Difficulties with operational aspects of maintenance and conservation implementation including lack of preventive maintenance funding and programminge) Lack of appropriate conservation of the built heritage	No
rock drawings in valcamonicaRock Drawings in Valcamonica	italy Italy	2009	Interpretative and visitation facilities, Ground transport infrastructure, Major linear utilities, Management systems/ management plan,	No
rock-hewn churches, lalibelaRock-Hewn Churches, Lalibela	ethiopia Ethiopia	2009	Housing, Relative humidity, Water, Earthquake, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities, Other Threats: Geological and architectural characteristics of the churches.	No
ruins of kilwa kisiwani and ruins of songo mnaraRuins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara	tanzania, united republic of Tanzania, United Republic of	2009	Governance, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: Deterioration of the architectural heritage fabric	Yes
ruins of the buddhist vihara at paharpurRuins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur	bangladesh Bangladesh	2009	Relative humidity, Water, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources,	No
rwenzori mountains national parkRwenzori Mountains National Park	uganda Uganda	2009	Mining, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources, Human resources, Other climate change impacts,	No
sagarmatha national parkSagarmatha National Park	nepal Nepal	2009	Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Air transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Temperature change,	No
salonga national parkSalonga National Park	democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo	2009	Indigenous hunting, gathering and collecting, Illegal activities, War, Civil unrest, Management systems/ management plan,	Yes
samarkand – crossroad of culturesSamarkand – Crossroad of Cultures	uzbekistan Uzbekistan	2009	Housing, Ground transport infrastructure, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management activities,	No
samarra archaeological citySamarra Archaeological City	iraq Iraq	2009	War,	Yes
san agustin archaeological parkSan Agustín Archaeological Park	colombia Colombia	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: State of conservation of the fabric of monolithic sculpture	No
sangiran early man siteSangiran Early Man Site	indonesia Indonesia	2009	Housing, Interpretative and visitation facilities, Management systems/ management plan,	No
selous game reserveSelous Game Reserve	tanzania, united republic of Tanzania, United Republic of	2009	Water infrastructure, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Mining, Oil and gas, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Financial resources,	No
serengeti national parkSerengeti National Park	tanzania, united republic of Tanzania, United Republic of	2009	Water infrastructure, Surface water pollution, Water, Illegal activities,	No
simien national parkSimien National Park	ethiopia Ethiopia	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Identity, social cohesion, changes in local population and community, Other Threats: a) Declining populations of Walia ibex, Ethiopian wolf and other large mammal species	Yes
stonehenge, avebury and associated sitesStonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites	united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: Lack of visitor management	No
tai national parkTaï National Park	cote d'ivoire Côte d'Ivoire	2009	Land conversion, Mining, Illegal activities,	No
talamanca range-la amistad reserves / la amistad national parkTalamanca Range-La Amistad Reserves / La Amistad National Park	costa rica,panama Costa Rica Panama	2009	Water infrastructure, Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals,	No
temple of preah vihearTemple of Preah Vihear	cambodia Cambodia	2009	Management systems/ management plan,	No
the sundarbansThe Sundarbans	bangladesh Bangladesh	2009	Storms,	No
timbuktuTimbuktu	mali Mali	2009	Housing, Solid waste, Flooding, Management systems/ management plan, Management activities, Other Threats: Lack of adequate maintenance of the buildings.	No
tipasaTipasa	algeria Algeria	2009	Housing, Marine transport infrastructure, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Erosion and siltation/ deposition, Management systems/ management plan, Human resources, Management activities,	No
tokaj wine region historic cultural landscapeTokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape	hungary Hungary	2009	Non-renewable energy facilities, Water, Management systems/ management plan,	No
tower of londonTower of London	united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan,	No
town of luang prabangTown of Luang Prabang	lao people's democratic republic Lao People's Democratic Republic	2009	Housing, Ground transport infrastructure, Air transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan,	No
tropical rainforest heritage of sumatraTropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra	indonesia Indonesia	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Land conversion, Illegal activities, Governance,	No
tubbataha reefs natural parkTubbataha Reefs Natural Park	philippines Philippines	2009	Fishing/collecting aquatic resources, Oil and gas, Illegal activities,	No
tyreTyre	lebanon Lebanon	2009	Housing, Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Illegal activities, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: Insufficient maintenance	No
um er-rasas (kastrom mefa'a)Um er-Rasas (Kastrom Mefa'a)	jordan Jordan	2009	Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Management systems/ management plan, Other Threats: a) Unstable structures and lack of security;	No
upper middle rhine valleyUpper Middle Rhine Valley	germany Germany	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Effects arising from use of transportation infrastructure, Input of excess energy,	No
vilnius historic centreVilnius Historic Centre	lithuania Lithuania	2009	Housing, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,	No
virgin komi forestsVirgin Komi Forests	russian federation Russian Federation	2009	Mining, Management systems/ management plan,	No
virunga national parkVirunga National Park	democratic republic of the congo Democratic Republic of the Congo	2009	Land conversion, Livestock farming/grazing of domesticated animals, Illegal activities, War, Civil unrest,	Yes
vredefort domeVredefort Dome	south africa South Africa	2009	Ground transport infrastructure, Surface water pollution, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Illegal activities, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan,	No
walled city of baku with the shirvanshah's palace and maiden towerWalled City of Baku with the Shirvanshah's Palace and Maiden Tower	azerbaijan Azerbaijan	2009	Housing, Deliberate destruction of heritage, Management systems/ management plan,	Yes
waterton glacier international peace parkWaterton Glacier International Peace Park	united states of america,canada United States of America Canada	2009	Mining, Temperature change, Other climate change impacts,	No
western caucasusWestern Caucasus	russian federation Russian Federation	2009	Major visitor accommodation and associated infrastructure, Ground transport infrastructure, Forestry /wood production, Impacts of tourism/visitor/recreation, Legal framework, Management systems/ management plan,	No
westminster palace, westminster abbey and saint margaret's churchWestminster Palace, Westminster Abbey and Saint Margaret's Church	united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	2009	Housing, Management systems/ management plan,	No
works of antoni gaudiWorks of Antoni Gaudí	spain Spain	2009	Underground transport infrastructure,	No

* : The threats indicated are listed in alphabetical order; their order does not constitute a classification according to the importance of their impact on the property.
Furthermore, they are presented irrespective of the type of threat faced by the property, i.e. with specific and proven imminent danger (“ascertained danger”) or with threats which could have deleterious effects on the property’s Outstanding Universal Value (“potential danger”).

** : All mission reports are not always available electronically.